The Office of Nonproliferation Research and Engineering conducts wide-ranging research for diverse end users at the federal and local level. As such, it faces numerous challenges in determining how to best serve its users' needs while justifying its budget. To help meet these challenges, the author suggests specific changes in the Office's research program planning. One set of planning methods focuses on strengthening the Office's connection with the end users of its research, and a second set of methods focuses on demonstrating and enhancing the quality of the program.