The Air Force uses the Planning, Programming, and Budgeting System (PPBS) to fund all elements of its logistics supply chain at appropriate levels. The PPBS process has difficulty doing this well. The authors of this report propose strategic and policy changes to help the Air Force manage and fund its supply chain in an integrated manner and use closed-loop accountability systems to manage the chain, end-to-end, against its customers' goals. Implementing the changes would challenge Air Force culture, and the authors identify cultural barriers that the must be addressed.